Fuel-economizer.



E. B. OVERSHINER.

FUEL ECONOMIZER.

APPLICATION HLED OCT. I1, 1918.

Patented Apr. 15, 1919.

.ply of oxygen to inrirrisn c snares ELLswonrH a. winner-rinse, or omoaso, rumors, assrenon crown-Hem no JAMES B. BLAOKMAN, or onrcaoo, rumors.

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Application filed October 11, 1918. Serial hi0. 257,679.

. i v To all whom it may concern 1 Be it known that I, llmiswou'rii B. Ovnu smxnn, a citizen ot' the United States re sidiuc at Chicagm-i'n the county of Cook and State of IlllllOlS, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fuel- Economizers, of which the following is a increasethe efiiciency of the furnace, stove orthe like.

Another object of this invention is the provision of means which willprevent the escape and waste of part oft-he hot gases and products of-combustion and will mix heated air therewith, and cause this oxygenated gas to flowbacltinto the furnace to produce more active and complete c0mbustion of the fuel. U

By means of my invention, the heretofore wasted gases are deflected into compartments at points of greatest d aft pressure, where the gases mi with a supply of heated air. I The mixture being heavier than said gases finds the path of least draft pressure and passes back into the. furnace, so that the consumption of this reclaimed gas gives additional heat-and also introduces a. supbustion of the fuel. I

The arrangement of my device is such that it cannot by accident he installed improperly as it is so arra-ngedthat an economixing device will in any event be located between the check damper and the stove or furnace. i

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 shows a furnace and a smoke flue with one of my economixing devices in place as a section of the flue.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal section taken on line 22 of Fig. 1. q

Fig. 3 is a transverse section taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

In all the views the same reference charactors are. employed to'indicate similar parts. in the embodimentillustrated, 5 is a fun nace. used for heating purposes or for any other purpose by which heat is to be produced by the combustion of fuel such as Specification of Letters Iatcnt.)

promote the initial com rUEL-Economznn.

"atcnted A prrili, 112 91 coal, colte or the like. 6 is a fine for carrying" away the products of combustion formed as is customary of a series of joints or sections. My economizing device '7 is shown as replacing one of the sections of the fiue, The flue sections 8 and 5. shown in Fig. 2, are joined to the device 7 by interlapping joints as at 10 and 11 and the device is prefera'bly of substantially the same length as either of the sections 8 or 9.

This device includes the elongated cylindrical element 12 which is of substantially the same diameter as the adjacent, sections 8 and 9 'with which it interfits. Positioned about, thiscylimlcr 12 is the second cylindrical element 13 which is considc'ably wider than the first, cylinder and spaced therefrom by means of the end rings or flanges 14. I provide-aplurality of holes: or perforations 15 in these rings or flanges at each end of the compartment formed bva, second cylinder embracing the first cylindcr, these perforations being located dearer the cylinder 13 than the cylinder 12. Other cylinders, 16. are provided. one at each end,

of the cylinder 13 and greater than that of cylinder 112, so that they are spaced between I so their diameter being less than the diameter the first mentioned cylinder 12 and the sec} ond mentioned cylinder 13. Their length is such that. each one extends into the space between the two first mentioned cylinders a distance equal to about one-third the total length of the device, their inner ends being spaced apart and designated 18. These annular serics of perforations or holes 15 are, therefore, so arranged in the rings or flanges it that they communicate with the compartment between the outer cylinder 13 and the intermediate cylinders 16. An unobstructed intermediate space it) is left between the cylinder 12 and the cylinder 13 and the ends of cylinders 16.

Intermediate partitions 20 and '21, which are spaced apart as shown, separate the device into two complete and separate econonlizers, one on the right of these partitions and one on the left, so that in installingthe device, no matter which end is placed next to the furnace, one of the economizers will be lo a ted between the damper 23 and the or shaft 24, which passes through the space between the partitions 20 and 21 and terminates in a handle 25, so that the damper may be used in the ordinary manner. It is to be noted that one of the economizers is always. between the damper and the furnace and that theother one is between the damper and the smoke stack with which the flue is adapted to be connected.

In the inner cylinder 12, near the end thereof, within the cylinders 13 and16, I form the circumferential series of openings 26 which are sprung or struck in from the body part of the cylinder and have the flaps or aprons 26 projecting from the inner surface of the cylinder and opening toward the outer ends thereof- I also provide a similar series, 27, of openings having the projecting flaps or aprons 27,'which open in the opposite direction and with the flaps or aprons extendin toward the inside of cylinder 12. These op nings and flaps or aprons are arranged i this manner so as to facilitate the ingress of the gases and products of combustion into the chamber or compartment without the cylinder 12 and the ingress of the .mixed air and gases from the chamber or compartment back into the flue or pipe, for return to the furnace.

I have found "from experimental observation that air sometimes passes into openings 15 with greater or less velocity, according to the character or barometric condition of the weather. I have furthermore found that the exterior air will pass through the openings 15 into the annular space 19 of the economizer with more velocity at one end than at the other, according to the changes of atmospheric condition. At other times the conditions may be reversed and the air will pass more readily into the openings In which it has previously been sluggish in entering. I haveifound that the projectin aprons or flaps over the apertures 26 and 2? contribute very laf gely to the efficient operation of the device. They serve to guide the gases through the openings under draft pressure into the mixing chamber or compartment. There is always a commlnglmg of the fresh heated air with the products of combuistion within the chamber under all conditions of operation and the mixed gases and air being heavier than. the outgoing gases move to the path of least draft pressure and pass through the openings at this point to flow with the reverse current until it reaches the point of combustion within the furnace where it accelerates the combustion'of the fuel.

The device furthermore acts as a regulator and prevents the hot and wasteful blasts of the heat which are always superinduced by the extremely high velocity of the wind or air outside of the smoke stack. When the draft becomes greater than normal, and more drawing too than is necessary or advantageous for the purpose of proper combustion within the furnace, the draft is satisfied by the ingoing air into both sides of the economizer through the perforations 15 26 and 27, without severely upon the combustion that is taking place within the furnace. Notwithstanding this fact, sufiicient air will find its way in the usual manner through my device into the furnace to promote the combustion, irrespective of the velocity of the air or wind without.

While I have shown the device illustrated with respect to-a furnace for heating homes or the like, it is well adapted for furnaces wherein steam is generated for large power plants Or. for other purposes.

While I have herein shown and describe a single embodiment of my invention for the purpose of clear disclosure, it is manifest that changes may be made in the general arrangement and association of the parts within the scope of the appended claims.

Having described my invention, what I 'claim'is:

v 1. An organized structure of the character described comprising a relatively long cylinder or pipe adapted to replace a section in a smoke flue or conduit, and having a series of circumferentially extending perforations near each end; a relatively larger cylinder, spacedapart therefrom, to provide an annular air-receiving chamber and inclosing said perforations; a ring for supporting each end of the outer cylinder, each ring having a circumferentially extending series of perforations near its periphery; a shorter and intermediate cylinder at each end of the device each intermediate cylinder havin its outer end closed, their open ends exten ing toward each other so that air entering the perforations in the rings. will first pass around the ends of the shorter and intermediate cylinders, respectively whereby its velocity is checked and it becomes heated and mixed with gases before entering the smoke pipe through the perforations in. the inner cylinder.

2. An organized structure of the character described comprising a-relatively long cylinder or pipe adapted to eplace a section in a smoke flue or conduitand having a series of circumferentially extending perforations near each end; a relatively wider cylinder spacedapart therefrom to provide an annular air receiving chamber and inclosing said perforations; a ring for supporting each end of the outer cylinder, each ring having a circumferentially extending series of perforations near its periphery; a shorter and intermediate cylinder at each end of the device each intermediate cylinder being closed at its'outcr end, the open ends of said intermediate-cylinders extendingtoward each in the rings will first pass around the ends of the intermediate cylinders whereby its velocity is checked and it becomes heated. and a damper in the smoke pipe in a zone intermediate the said shorter cylinders.

3. A device of the character described including in combination an elongated cylinder adapted to fit as one of the sections in a flue or conduit, another cylinder of greater diameter than said first mentioned cylinder and embracing the same and having the ends of the space therebetween closed by means of flanges. shorter cylinders of an intermediate size positioned between said first mentioned cylinder and said second mentioned cylinder. said shorter cylinders extending from the outer ends of said second mentioned cylinder toward the interior thereof. but terminating short of each other so as to provide an intermediate unobstructed space. said first mentioned cylinder having a series of perforations arranged eircumferentially between the planes of the outer ends of the shorter cylinders. the said end flanges of the second mentioned cylinder each having an annular series of perforations provided to admit air into the space or passage between the shorter and intermediate cylinders and the outer cylinder.

4. A device of the character described including in combination an elongated cylinder adapted to fit as one ofthe sections in a flue or conduit. anothercylinder of greater diameter than said first mentioned cylinder and embracing the same and having the ends of the space therebetwcen closed by means of flanges. shorter cylinders of an intermediate size positioned between said first mentioned cylinder and said second mentioned cylinder. said shorter cylinders extending from the outer ends of said second mentioned cylinder toward the interior thereof. but terminatin short of each other so as to provide an intermediate unobstructed' space. said first mentioned cylinder having a series of perforations arranged circumferentially between the planes of the outer ends of the shorter cylinders. the said end flanges of the second mentioned cylinder each having an annular series of perforations provided to admit air into the space or passage between the shorter cvlinders and the outer cylinder. the perforations in the first mentioned cylinder being provided with I outer protecting flaps which project in alternate direction.

A device of the character described including in combination an elongated cylinder adapted to fit as one of the sections in a flue or conduit. another cylinder of greater diameter than said first mentioned cylinder and embracing the same and having the ends of the space therebetwcen closed by means of flanges. shorter cylinders of an intermediate size positioned between said first mentioned cylinder and said second mentioned cylinder. said shorter cylinders extending from the outer ends of said second mentioned cylinder toward the interior thereof. but terminating short of arch other so as to provide an intermediate unobstructed space, said first mentioned cylinder having a series of perforations arranged circiunferent-ially between the planes of the outer ends of the shorter cylinders. the said end flanges of the second mentioned 'cylinder each having an annular seriesiof perforations provided to admit air into the space or passage between the intermediate shorter cylinders and the cylinder and a damper pivotally mounted in an intermediate part of said device.

o. An article of manufacture adapted to e. inserted as one section of a flue or conduit including an elongated cylinder. a second cylinder of greater diameter than said first mentioned cylinder and having end flanges closing the space between said second cylinder and the first mentioned cylinder. said end flanges each being provided with an annular series of perforations near the outer edge thereof. intermediate cylinders of an intermediate diameter positioned between said first mentioned cylinder and said seco nd mentioned cylinder aml extending toward each other but terminating short of each other to provide an unobstructed intermediate space bet ween the first and second lCLLSlW )ll'lll l3. OVERNIINER. 

